Advise and advice
Aside from the two words being pronounced differently (the s in advise sounds like az),
advise is a verb while advice is a noun. Advice is what you give (whether or not the recipient is interested in that gift is a different issue altogether) when you advise someone.
So, “Thank you for the advise” is incorrect, while “I advise you not to bore me with your advice in the future” is correct if pretentious.
If you run into trouble, just say each word out loud and you’ll instantly know which makes sense; there’s no way you’d ever say, “I advice you to…”
→ 동사 advise와 명사 advice
Ultimate and penultimate
Recently I received a pitch from a PR professional that read, “(Acme Industries) provides the penultimate value-added services for discerning professionals.”
As Inigo would say, “I do not think it means what you think it means.”
Ultimate means the best, or final, or last. Penultimate means the last but one, or second to last. (Or, as a Monty Python-inspired Michelangelo would say, “the Penultimate Supper!”)
But penultimate doesn’t mean second-best. Plus, I don’t think my PR friend meant to say her client offered second-class services. (I think she just thought the word sounded cool.)
Also, keep in mind that using ultimate is fraught with hyperbolic peril. Are you–or is what you provide–really the absolute best imaginable? That’s a tough standard to meet.
→ ultimate : 최고의, 최후의 / penultimate [페널티밋] : 끝에서 두번째
Well and good
Anyone who has children uses good more often than he or she should. Since kids pretty quickly learn what good means, “You did good, honey” is much more convenient and meaningful than “You did well, honey.”
But that doesn’t mean good is the correct word choice.
Good is an adjective that describes something; if you did a good job, then you do good work.
Well is an adverb that describes how something was done; you can do your job well.
Where it gets tricky is when you describe, say, your health or emotional state. “I don’t feel well” is grammatically correct, even though many people (including me) often say, “I don’t feel too good.” On the other hand, “I don’t feel good about how he treated me” is correct; no one says, “I don’t feel well about how I’m treated.”
Confused? If you’re praising an employee and referring to the outcome say, “You did a good job.” If you’re referring to how the employee performed say, “You did incredibly well.”
And while you’re at it, stop saying good to your kids and use great instead, because no one–especially a kid–ever receives too much praise.
→ Well은 부사 / Good은 형용사
If and whether
If and whether are often interchangeable. If a yes/no condition is involved, then feel free to use either: “I wonder whether Jim will finish the project on time” or “I wonder if Jim will finish the project on time.” (Whether sounds a little more formal in this case, so consider your audience and how you wish to be perceived.)
If와 whether는 많은 경우 서로 바꿔쓸수 있다. '예/아니오' 조건과 관련되어 있으면 둘중 하나를 편히 쓰면 된다. "짐이 프로젝트를 제시간에 끝낼 수 있을지 궁금해"에 if와 whether 둘다 가능. (이 경우 whether가 약간 더 격식을 차린 말로 들리니 듣는 사람과 당신이 어떤 사람을 보이고 싶은지를 고려하라)
What’s trickier is when a condition is not involved. “Let me know whether Marcia needs a projector for the meeting” isn’t conditional, because you want to be informed either way. “Let me know if Marcia needs a projector for the meeting” is conditional, because you only want to be told if she needs one.
까다로운 상황은 조건이 포함되지 않았을 경우이다. "마르시아가 그 미팅을 위해 프로젝트가 필요한지 아닌지(whether) 알려줘"는 조건과 관련되어있지 않다. 왜냐하면 당신은 두가지 경우 모두에 대한 정보를 원하기 때문이다. "마르시아가 그 미팅을 위해 프로젝터가 필요하다면(if) 알려줘"는 조건과 관련된 것이다. 왜냐하면 당신은 그녀가 프로젝터를 필요로 할 경우에만 듣고 싶은 것이기 때문이다.
And
always use if when you introduce a condition. “If you hit your monthly target, I’ll increase your bonus” is correct; the condition is hitting the target and the bonus is the result. “Whether you are able to hit your monthly target is totally up to you” does not introduce a condition (unless you want the employee to infer that your thinly veiled threat is a condition of ongoing employment).
당신이 조건문을 사용하고 싶으면 항상 if를 사용하라. "만약 당신이 월별 목표를 달성한다면, 난 보너스를 올려주겠다"는 맞는 말이다 ; 그 조건이 목표를 맞추고 있으면 보너스는 결과가 된다. "당신이 월별 목표를 맞출지 못맞출지는 전적으로 당신에게 달려있다"는 조건문이 아니다. (당신의 속보이는 위협이 고용유지의 조건이라는 점을 직원들에게 암시하고자 하는것이 아니라면)
→ whether와 if는 많은 경우 바꿔쓸 수 있지만, whether 는 '~인지 아닌지', if는 '~라면'의 어감이 살아있는 것임.
Stationary and stationery
You write on stationery. You get business stationery, such as letterhead and envelopes, printed.
But that box of envelopes is not stationary unless it’s not moving–and even then it’s still stationery.
→ stationery [stéiʃənèri - 스테이셔네(어)리] 문방구, 문구류, 편지지
→ stationary [발음 같음] 정지된, 고정된
Award and reward
An award is a prize. Musicians win Grammy Awards. Car companies win J.D. Power awards. Employees win Employee of the Month awards. Think of an award as the result of a contest or competition.
A reward is something given in return for effort, achievement, hard work, merit, etc. A sales commission is a reward. A bonus is a reward. A free trip for landing the most new customers is a reward.
Be happy when your employees win industry or civic awards, and reward them for the hard work and sacrifices they make to help your business grow.
→ award (경연대회, 경쟁 등에서의) 상 // reward (노력,성취물에 대한) 보상
Sympathy and empathy
Sympathy is acknowledging another person’s feelings. “I am sorry for your loss” means you understand the other person is grieving and want to recognize that fact.
Empathy is having the ability to put yourself in the other person’s shoes and relate to how the person feels, at least in part because you’ve experienced those feelings yourself.
The difference is huge. Sympathy is passive; empathy is active. (Here’s a short video by Brené Brown that does a great job of describing the difference–and how empathy fuels connection while sympathy drives disconnection.)
Know the difference between sympathy and empathy, live the difference, and you’ll make a bigger difference in other people’s lives.
→ sympathy는 다른 사람의 기분을 알아봐 주는 것. empathy는 다른 사람의 입장으로 들어가 공감해주는 것 (※예전에 한번 카스에서 공부했죠?)
Criterion and criteria
A criterion is a principle or standard. If you have more than one criterion, those are referred to as criteria.
But if you want to be safe and you only have one issue to consider, just say standard or rule or benchmark. Then use criteria for all the times there are multiple specifications or multiple criterion (OK, standards) involved.
→ criterion [kraitíəriən - 크라이티어리언] 단수형 / criteria 복수형 : 판단,결정을 위한 기준
▒ source : http://time.com/3730669/39-commonly-misused-words/
▒ 번역 : SNSenglish
